Is there any website that lists and describes common type classes in Haskell?
The Haskell 98 Report lists the predefined types and classes.
If there's a library type you're interested in, you might want to start at the Haskell Library Contents or Index.
You might find "The Typeclassopedia" by Brent Yorgey (published in issue 13 of 'The Monad Reader') helpful. From the abstract:
The standard Haskell libraries feature a number of type classes with algebraic or category-theoretic underpinnings. Becoming a fluent Haskell hacker requires intimate familiarity with them all, yet acquiring this familiarity often involves combing through a mountain of tutorials, blog posts, mailing list archives, and IRC logs. The goal of this article is to serve as a starting point for the student of Haskell wishing to gain a firm grasp of its standard type classes. The essentials of each type class are introduced, with examples, commentary, and extensive references for further reading.