Mono - the libs not the runtime and compilers
including: Cecil, Mono Addins, and others unique to Mono
GTK#
Castle - all of it
log4net
nlog
Rhino-tools - all of ‘em
NHibernate (implied by above)
Boo - the extensible compiler is awesome.
MonoRocks - Mono inspired extension method library.
Ninject - because CF and Silverlight need IOCC love too.
NUnit & MbUnit
MonoDevelop
SharpDevelop
gnome-do - launchy/quicksilver for gnome.
boxerp - interesting databinding and enterprise application helper library
dasblog
subtext
C5 - because the BCL collection library is pathetic.
FlickrNet - cuz .net needs flickr love.
babysmash - my 17mo old loves it.
RSS.NET - a great easy to use rss lib - so good it went commerical, but the OSS version is still great.
MonoTorrent - http://monotorrent.com/ as a resident of Michigan I was pulling for the MSU student developed torrent lib, but Alan kicked but writing this library.
Gaia Ajax Widgets - very interesting.
JSC - the most awesome “compiler” that lets me write C# but target PHP, JS or ActionScript. Includes some libraries.
IKVM - for java interop
What is missing:
I don’t know of any WinForms libraries that make winforms better to use. I’d love to see this. But I still do winforms instead of WPF. Show me a WPF app that uses less than 30MB of RAM and I'll start singing WPF praises.
There are many free WPF libraries which are teasers from commercial vendors, some even open source, I think?