Yes like Jeff Wilcox said Implicit styling is a new thing in Silverlight 4. So if you want to create a style that is the default for all the controls of that type in the range XAML file or the whole application if placed in App.xaml you would leave out the x:Key attribute.
<Style x:Key="ButtonStyle" TargetType="Button">
To use ButtonStyle you would have to write:
<Button Content="A button" Style="{StaticResource ButtonStyle}" />
Leaving out the x:Key would allow you to use ButtonStyle as default.
<Style TargetType="Button">
<Button Content="A button with style that has no x:Key value" />
Now if you'd need to create a button that doesn't have this default style, you can set the Style property of that button to be x:Null or override by setting a named style to that button.
<Button Content="Default Silverlight button" Style="{x:Null}"/>
Another new thing with Styles in Silverlight 4 is that you can create new styles that are based on existing ones. Although it wasn't your question I'll give an example:
<Style TargetType="Button" BasedOn="{StaticResource BasedStyle}">
About implicit styling in the docs: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.style%28VS.95%29.aspx
Implicit Styles
In Silverlight 4, you can set styles
implicitly. That is, you can apply a
certain style to all elements of a
certain type. When a resource
is declared without an x:Key value,
the x:Key value assumes the value of
the TargetType property. If you set
the style implicitly, the style is
applied only to the types that match
the TargetType exactly and not to
elements derived from the TargetType
value. For example, if you create a
style implicitly for all the
ToggleButton controls in your
application, and your application has
ToggleButton and CheckBox controls
(CheckBox derives from ToggleButton),
the style is applied only to the
ToggleButton controls.
BasedOn Styles
Starting with Silverlight 3, it is
possible to build a new style based on
an existing style. You can do this
using the BasedOn property. This
reduces the duplication of code and
makes it easier to manage resources.
Each style supports only one BasedOn
style. For more information, see the
BasedOn property.