what's an actual use of variable variables?

Question

Variable variables seem pretty cool, but I can't think of a scenario where one would actually use them in a production environment. Have you done so? How did you use them?

Answer 1

Its purpose, I guess, is to allow novice programmers to dynamically change data without using "complicated stuff" like composite types (arrays and objects).

Seems like something something Rasmus would consider a good idea.

I never use them.

Answer 2

Think of it for use in a template system where you are using php files and need to set in variables:

function fetch_template($file, $vars){
    $ret = 'File not loaded.';
    if(file_exists(TEMPLATE_PATH.$file)){
        //could do this with extract() but I am showing you 
        foreach($vars as $varName => $value){
            ${$varName} = $value;
        }
        ob_start();
        include(TEMPLATE_PATH.$file);
        $ret = ob_get_contents();
        ob_end_clean();
    }
    return $ret;
}

Now assuming you used these variable names in your template, you could call it pass variables into it for use.

echo fetch_template('hi_there.tpl', array('name'=>'JJ'));

Then in your template:

Hello <?php echo $name; ?>!

Answer 3

Personally, I use them fairly often. All calls of the following types use variable-variables:

$foo->$bar = 'test';
$foo->$bar();
$bar();

So any time you do a dynamic method/function call, you're using variable-variables...

A common use for this is accessing protected properties via the __get magic method. I've seen the following quite often:

public function __get($name) {
    return isset($this->$name) ? $this->$name : null;
}

Which by definition is using variable variables to provide read-access to the protected members...

I've never directly used the $$var syntax (and don't think I ever will). I have seen it used to access global variables by name global $$name; echo $$name;, but the same thing can be done with the $_GLOBALS[$name] syntax, so that's not a good use-case (not to mention that using global variables is usually seen as bad practice)...

Answer 4

I found useful in single scenario . I was having youtube API results in json format like this

 $obj->media$title => Video title

So i used like

$mt = 'media$title';
$obj->$mt ;

So worked for me here :)

Answer 5

A variable variable is essentially an array (map/dictionary). The following are equivalent ideas:

<?php
$foo = array('a' => 1);
$bar = 'a';
echo $foo[$bar]."\n";

$foo_a = 1;
$bar = 'a';
$vv = "foo_$bar";
echo $$vv."\n";
?>

Thus if you wrap your "variable variables" into a parent array, you can do away with them.

I've seen people use variable properties inside classes:

<?php
class Foo
{
  private $a = 1;

  public function __get($key)
  {
    if (isset($this->$key)) return $this->$key;
  }
}

$foo = new Foo();
echo $foo->a;
?>

But again, you could use an array:

<?php
class Foo
{
  private $props = array('a' => 1);

  public function __get($key)
  {
    if (array_key_exists($key, $this->props))
      return $this->props[$key];
  }
}

$foo = new Foo();
echo $foo->a;
?>

And outside classes:

<?php
class Foo
{
  public $a = 1;
}

$foo = new Foo();
$prop = 'a';
echo $foo->{$prop};
?>

So you never "have" to use variable variables or variable properties when writing your own controlled code. My personal preference is to never use variable variables. I occasionally use variable properties, but prefer to use arrays when I'll be accessing data in that way.