How to calculate the rate of change of pixels in matlab

Question

Hi,there are 2 formulae which i am finding it difficult to represent in Matlab. Let there be two RGB images A and B of same size with m,n representing rows and column and the third dimension d=3. The formula1 basically calculates the rate of change of pixels if A be the original image and B be the distorted version. Formula2 calculates the average rate of change of pixels.

1. Formula1= { sum(C(m,n,d)) / (m * n)} * 100

  where C(m,n)=0, if A(m,n)=B(m,n)
                =1, if A(m,n) != B(m,n)

Sum over all rows and column including the third dimension.

I have tried something like this : Formula1= sum(sum(abs(double(A)-double(B))./(m*n),1),2);

But this does not give any error. However,this is not the correct way to represent,since the if conditions are not incorporated.The problem area is how to incorporate the condition by checking if A==B or not and if A!=B.

2. Formula2 ={ 1/ (m*n)} * sum { norm (A - B) / 255} * 100 Again, here also it will be summation over all the dimension. I dont know how to form the norm of a matrix. I had posted the same question earlier,but i guess there were too many issues in representation for which it went unanswered for many days. I have deleted that question and asked afresh.Please help.

EDIT

1. Formula3 is ={ 1/ (m*n)} * sum {(A - B) / 255} * 100 I tried out like this

   C = double(sum(A-B,3)); r=reshape(100*(C/255)/(m*n),[1 3])

But there is an error saying dimension should be same and reshape does not work.

Answer 1

(A ~= B) will produce a logical array, equal to true where the elements differ. You can then cast this to e.g. double, so that it will equal 1 where the elements differ.

Answer 2

For Formula1:

function r = Formula1(A,B)
[m,n,d] = size(A); %# A and B must have the same dimension
C = A ~= B; %# C has a 1 in every pixel that's different
r = double(sum(C(:)))/(m*n);
r = r/d; %# normalize by number of color planes

The ~= operator checks for inequality. (:) vectorizes the matrix, allowing us to calculate the sum over all dimensions.

For Formula2:

function r = Formula2(A,B)
[m,n,d] = size(A);
C = double(sum(A-B, 3)); %# sum over the color planes
C = C/d; %# normalize by number of color planes
K = norm(C); %# or norm(C,1), norm(C,inf) etc.
r = 100*(K/255)/(m*n);

Here, sum(A-B, 3) sums over the color planes, leaving a 2D matrix with the dimensions of the original image. There are several matrix norms, your choices are available in the documentation for NORM.