It seems that Biztalk only supports making rules via the Business Rules Composer, a design-time tool.
Everywhere I see "programmatic" referring to Biztalk's Business Rules Engine (BRE), I only see that you can execute the rules in .NET, but not actually create them. I have found the Microsoft.RuleEngine namespace, but the documentation is abysmal, with zero examples and I can't even tell if you can use it to create a rule, or just retrieve the rules (one example I found).
Is anyone aware of whether this API exists and/or blogs/references/docs that might be helpful.