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Lisp in the real world
A search query on Google reveals that the search term 'practical lisp' returns a link for Practical Common LISP, which is a very nice starter book. However, this is not what I was looking for or had in mind when I set out to search those terms.
DERIVE has been implemented in LISP back in 1988. It's still the math-program of choice for me. To bad TI has discontinued it a year ago or so.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derive_(computer_algebra_system)
You can find lists of programs written in LISP here and here. You could also do a search on sourceforge.
Paul Graham formed a startup company called ViaWeb in the 90's to allow users to create online webshops without any programming experience. This company was then bought out by Yahoo! to create Yahoo! Stores. Paul attributed the companys success to LISP. See his essay, Beating the Averages.
He is also the creator of a LISP dialect, arc. Arc is the implementation language for the popular website Hacker News
First off, I believe you should phrase your question as "what are some practical examples of non-web-based programs implemented in Lisp"? To a Lisper, asking about "Lisp implementations" means "implementations of Lisp compilers or interpreters", such as Lispworks (commercial) or CMUCL (open source).
I think these might be some of the examples you're looking for:
Basically I'm cherry-picking packages from searching Debian for packages that contain cl-. Many are libraries, but some are full applications. Take a look.
Some highlights:
NASA http://www.flownet.com/gat/jpl-lisp.html
Crash Bandicoot & Jak+Daxter http://www.gamasutra.com/features/20020710/white_02.htm
Interface Builder OS X (which was later rewritten in Objective-C)
Emacs
All of the above are projects of great complexity. In the case of Interface Builder and Emacs one could reasonably argue that they have not been surpassed. Of course Interface Builder has not been written in Lisp in over two decades, but I think this list also points out that a powerful language like Lisp inspires hackers to attempt projects you normally wouldn't even consider in a less expressive language.
While your question was about Lisp, you can find out more from the Commercial Users of Functional Programming. Also see [Haskell in Industry][2]
In financial services, functional programming seems to be the right tool for quantitative finance
One example of where Lisp is widely used and useful is in the form of AutoLISP or Visual LISP that are used to program AutoCAD and its verticals.
I am confused as to why you think Lisp and OOP are mutually exclusive. CLOS is the object system that all the other languages tried (and failed) to copy.
But anyway, I use CL for a few general-purpose web applications in production at work. One is a utility for uploading a file an emailing it to certain people; the other collects log data from other applications and lets me search through it. Both are heavily object oriented (and use elephant for persistence).
Using Lisp is not that different from using any other programming language, really. It has great tools (SLIME), and some really nice libraries (I love closure-xml with cxml-stp).
Finally, I will add one more "commercial" non-web app to the pile:
http://maxima.sourceforge.net/
It is a Computer Algebra System, somewhat like Mathematica.
Strange that nobody mentioned LispMaschines. A complete operating system with word processing, hyperreffed documents, gui programs, databases and even C compilers. So this stuff was very real and some say it was the best they ever get their hands on. I do not kow the current state of OpenGenera (an port to the DEC Alpha Stations) but this thing was bought by me 5 or so years ago to see how one might implement an Operating System. I realla wished they would have ported the stuff to x_64, but I guess this will not happen anymore....
But maybe time has passed it by....
Regards Friedrich
CoCreate Modeling is a large commercial 3D CAD application, and a large part of its code is written in (a subset of) Common Lisp. See http://www.clausbrod.de/Blog/DefinePrivatePublic20071229 for some more details. (I am one of the developers.)
Claus
ITA Software Uses Lisp technology to help set Orbitz apart from other travel Sites
http://www.franz.com/success/customer_apps/data_mining/itastory.php3
The sawfish window manager which used to be included in Gnome was written in a LISP dialect.
PrimeTrader a cross platform stock trading application from NetFonds. They also use Common Lisp in their back-end trading systems.
You're probably not going to get many useful answers, not because Lisp isn't widely used, but because nobody wants to reveal that they used Lisp, because:
I know that part of every Amazon.com product page is generated using a Lisp service, but only because I had a beer with the guy who wrote and deployed it.
I wrote a web service that everybody who's seen loves, but mostly because it looks more impressive than it is. In fact, it happens to map onto Common Lisp constructs and free Lisp libraries almost perfectly, and is actually a fairly short program. If you take the curtain off something, everybody says "oh, is that all? I could have done that".
There are a number (6-12 at least) of small startups deploying webapps today. I'm running an open source community platform for rare disease research at www.lamsight.org.
Also see InspireData (http://www.inspiration.com/InspireData). You can download a great demo. Beautiful app using OpenGL (I believe) for the multi-platform GUI.
Teepeedee2, a recently-announced web server is written entirely in LISP. The creator claims it's the "world's fastest web server for small dynamic content." Whether this is a reasonable statement or not has fueled the ire of many Slashdot commenters. Regardless, it's a perfect example of how LISP is still a relevant and useful language that should be given more credit.