For XSLT 1.0 the answer is negative. However you may use modes to simulate similar behavior.
In XSLT 2.0 there is the xsl:use-when
attribute that may be present on any XSLT instruction, including <xsl:import>
, however the conditions that may be tested in it are severely limited. To quote the Spec:
"There are no syntactic constraints on the XPath expression that can be used as the value of the use-when attribute. However, there are severe constraints on the information provided in its evaluation context. These constraints are designed to ensure that the expression can be evaluated at the earliest possible stage of stylesheet processing, without any dependency on information contained in the stylesheet itself or in any source document"