I would use this markup:
<div id="checkboxes">
<label>some label</label>
<ul>
<li><input type="checkbox"> checkbox 1</li>
<li><input type="checkbox"> checkbox 2</li>
<li><input type="checkbox"> checkbox 3</li>
<li><input type="checkbox"> checkbox 4</li>
</ul>
</div>
and these styles:
#checkboxes label {
float: left;
}
#checkboxes ul {
margin: 0;
list-style: none;
float: left;
}
Tables aren't evil, but they're used for the wrong reasons more often than not. They make for bigger html-files (bad for performance and bandwidth), usually with a more cluttered html-structure (bad for maintainability). As for tabular data however, they are excellent.