Are you running it on IIS6? If you are, you will need to patch the route table to take into account the .ASPX extension, which IIS6 more or less requires.
Phil Haack has a good walkthrough that explains this process. He also explains ways you can do it without the .ASPX extension:
http://haacked.com/archive/2008/11/26/asp.net-mvc-on-iis-6-walkthrough.aspx
The scripts and content folders don't map correctly. I get 404s on all references to the files inside those folders.
In ASP.NET MVC files do not map one for one to an URL, like they do in ASP.NET. Instead, a match in the routing table diverts a GET or POST request from the browser to a controller method in one of your controllers. From there, the controller decides (either explicitly or by convention) which View to display.
An error occurred during the processing of a configuration file required to service this request. Please review the specific error details below and modify your configuration file appropriately.
ConnectionStrings.config needs to exist on the server, since it is being referenced in web.config. It's an include file, so there doesn't necessarily have to be anything in it. But if it is being referenced, it needs to be included on the server, so just copy it there with your FTP program.