DynamicMethod and out-parameters?

Question

How do I define a DynamicMethod for a delegate that has an out-parameter, like this?

public delegate void TestDelegate(out Action a);

Let's say I simply want a method that sets the a argument to null when I call the method.

Note that I know that a probably better way to handle this would be to make the method return the Action delegate, but this is just a simplified part of a larger project, and the method in question already returns a value, I need to handle the out parameter in addition to it, hence the question.

I tried this:

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Reflection.Emit;

namespace ConsoleApplication8
{
    public class Program
    {
        public delegate void TestDelegate(out Action a);

        static void Main(String[] args)
        {
            var method = new DynamicMethod("TestMethod", typeof(void),
                new Type[] { typeof(Action).MakeByRefType() });
            var il = method.GetILGenerator();

            // a = null;
            il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldnull);
            il.Emit(OpCodes.Starg, 0);

            // return
            il.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

            var del = (TestDelegate)method.CreateDelegate(typeof(TestDelegate));
            Action a;
            del(out a);
        }
    }
}

However, I get this:

VerificationException was unhandled:
Operation could destabilize the runtime.

on the del(out a); line.

Note that if I comment out the two lines that load a null on the stack and attempts to store it into the argument, the method runs without exceptions.

---

Edit: Is this the best approach?

il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldnull);
il.Emit(OpCodes.Stind_Ref);

Answer 1

An out argument is just a ref argument with the OutAttribute applied to the parameter.

To store to the by-ref argument, you need to use the stind opcode, because the argument itself is a managed pointer to the object's actual location.

ldarg.0
ldnull
stind.ref