1: use a standard submit button to submit your form rather than a javascript-dependent link, for accessibility reasons, and to prevent brokenness if someone tries to right-click-open-in-new-window or other similar action on the link. If you want it to look like a link, you can still use a button, just apply some CSS to make it no longer look like a button.
2: use the form.onsubmit event to do validation rather than relying on a submit button click (forms can also be submitted by pressing enter, which may not always generate a button click)
<form id="uploadform" method="post" action="/profile/" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<p>
<label for="up_image">image:</label>
<input id="up_image" type="file" name="up_image" />
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="Upload" />
</p>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
$('#uploadform').submit(function(e) {
if ($('#up_image').val()=='') {
alert('Please choose a file to upload.');
e.preventDefault();
}
});
</script>