Your DateFormat instance is most likely displaying the value in local time. When displaying your value, give this a try:
java.util.Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
cal.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
java.sql.Timestamp ts = resultSet.getTimestamp(PUBLISH_TIME);
cal.setTime(ts);
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss z");
sdf.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
System.out.println(cal.getTime());
EDIT: to your comment:
What if I use GMT, would that be an issue in SimpleDateFormat
SimpleDateFormat can use general timezones (GMT +/- n), RFC822, and text ("if they have names" as the JavaDoc states - see this post for info on the names).