If you're loading a new page, your javascript context will be reset; you can't "remember" values from one page to the next.
So, options:
1) don't reload the page; have multiple sections (e.g. divs) and show/hide different ones using javascript (which may or may not involve ajax, and need not be a tabbed interface). In this scenario you can store the selected rows in a javascript variable.
2) reload the page, but post the selected rows to the server and remember them there (e.g. in a session), and select them again when the first page is returned to. Can't offer more detail on how to do that without knowing what you're using on the server side (e.g. PHP, Java) but the idea is to use javascript to put the selected rows into the POST data, e.g. by setting a hidden field for the selected rows.
3) have the various "screens" you are loading be within an iframe, and store the selected rows from the first screen in a javascript variable in the context of the parent page (which never reloads). You can do this if both the inner and outer pages are in the same domain.