When you have a Page or User Control open in design view there's an option to localize off the Tools menu (I think). That'll create an App_LocalResources folder in whatever folder your currently working in. The App_LocalResources in the root will be for pages in the root of the website. App_GlobalResources is for your web.sitemap and any other resources you wish to use throughout the entire site.
I set up sub folders within App_LocalResources for each language.
For example, some pages:
Default.aspx
Create.aspx
View.aspx
-> App_LocalResources // folder
Default.aspx.resx // default language is picked up if browser's preferences not satisfied.
Create.aspx.resx
View.aspx.resx
--> DE// sub folder for german
Default.aspx.de.resx
Create.aspx.de.resx
View.aspx.de.resx
--> FR// sub folder for french
Default.aspx.fr.resx
Create.aspx.fr.resx
View.aspx.fr.resx
I've never had to do anything to specify a particular country's brand of a language (outside of displaying currenceis that is) but if you needed Austrian German say then you could do this.
--> DE-AT// sub folder for Austrian german
Default.aspx.de-AT.resx
Create.aspx.de-AT.resx
View.aspx.de-AT.resx