Reason for error and solution -"undefined reference to `newwin' "?

Question

I am compiling a program which creates window on shell. When I compile I get errors like

test.c:(.text+0x25): undefined reference to `newwin'
test.c:(.text+0x73): undefined reference to `wborder'
test.c:(.text+0xb6): undefined reference to `mvwprintw'
..
..

One of my functions is

WINDOW *f_top, *f_bottom;
WINDOW *create_window(int n, int d, char *t){
        WINDOW *frame;
        WINDOW *w;
        frame = newwin(n, COLS, d, 0);
        box(frame,0,0);
        mvwprintw(frame,0,COLS/2-strlen(t)/2,t);
        wrefresh(frame);
        w = newwin(n-2, COLS-2, d+1, 1);
        idlok(w, TRUE);
        scrollok(w, TRUE);
        wclear(w);
        wrefresh(w);
        return w;
}

Answer 1

You need to link with the curses library. The functions are defined there.

Try

gcc ... test.c ... -lcurses ...

or maybe

gcc ... test.c ... -lncurses ...