how to automatically ignore files in grep

Question

Is there any way I could use grep to ignore some files when searching something, something equivalent to svnignore or gitignore? I usually use something like this when searching source code.

grep -r something * | grep -v ignore_file1 | grep -v ignore_file2

Even if I could set up an alias to grep to ignore these files would be good.

Answer 1

find . -path ./ignore -prune -o -exec grep -r something {} \;

What that does is find all files in your current directory excluding the directory (or file) named "ignore", then executes the command grep -r something on each file found in the non-ignored files.

Answer 2

I thinks grep does not have filename filtering. To accomplish what you are trying to do, you can combine find, xargs, and grep commands. My memory is not good, so the example might not work:

find -name "foo" | xargs grep "pattern"

Find is flexible, you can use wildcards, ignore case, or use regular expressions. You may want to read manual pages for full description.

after reading next post, apparently grep does have filename filtering.

Answer 3

--exclude option on grep will also work:

grep  perl * --exclude=try* --exclude=tk*

This searches for perl in files in the current directory excluding files beginning with try or tk

Answer 4

You might also want to take a look at ack which, among many other features, by default does not search VCS directories like .svn and .git.

Answer 5

Here's a minimalistic version of .gitignore. Requires standard utils: awk, sed (because my awk is so lame), egrep:

cat > ~/bin/grepignore  #or anywhere you like in your $PATH
egrep -v "`awk '1' ORS=\| .grepignore | sed -e 's/|$//g' ; echo`"
^D
chmod 755 ~/bin/grepignore
cat >> ./.grepignore  #above set to look in cwd
ignorefile_1
...
^D
grep -r something * | grepignore

grepignore builds a simple alternation clause:

egrep -v ignorefile_one|ignorefile_two

not incredibly efficient, but good for manual use

Answer 6

use shell expansion

shopt -s extglob
for file in !(file1_ignore|file2_ignore) 
do
  grep ..... "$file"
done