With an array let foo = [|1;2;3;4|] I can use any of the following to return a slice from an array.
foo.[..2]
foo.[1..2]
foo.[2..]
How can I do the same thing for List let foo2 = [1;2;3;4]? When I try the same syntax as the array I get error FS00039: The field, constructor or member 'GetSlice' is not defined.
What's the preferred method of getting a subsection of a List and why aren't they built to support GetSlice?
What's the preferred method of getting a subsection of a List and why aren't built to support GetSlice?
Let's make the last question first and the first question last:
Why lists don't support GetSlice
Lists are implemented as linked lists, so we don't have efficient indexed access to them. Comparatively speaking, foo.[|m..n|] takes O(n-m) time for arrays, an equivalent syntax takes O(n) time on lists. This is a pretty big deal, because it prevents us from using slicing syntax efficiently in the vast majority of cases where it would be useful.
For example, we can cut up an array into equal sized pieces in linear time:
let foo = [|1 .. 100|]
let size = 4
let fuz = [|for a in 0 .. size .. 100 do yield foo.[a..a+size] |]
But what if we were using a list instead? Each call to foo.[a..a+size] would take longer and longer and longer, the whole operation is O(n^2), making it pretty unsuitable for the job.
Most of the time, slicing a list is the wrong approach. We normally use pattern matching to traverse and manipulate lists.
Preferred method for slicing a list?
Wherever possible, use pattern matching if you can. Otherwise, you can fall back on Seq.skip and Seq.take to cut up lists and sequences for you:
> [1 .. 10] |> Seq.skip 3 |> Seq.take 5 |> Seq.toList;;
val it : int list = [4; 5; 6; 7; 8]