views:

1973

answers:

6

I was looking into google.com's Net activity in firebug just because I was curious and noticed a request was returning "204 No Content."

It turns out that a 204 No Content "is primarily intended to allow input for actions to take place without causing a change to the user agent's active document view, although any new or updated metainformation SHOULD be applied to the document currently in the user agent's active view." Whatever.

I've looked into the JS source code and saw that "generate_204" is requested like this:

(new Image).src="http://clients1.google.com/generate_204"

No variable declaration/assignment at all.

My first idea is that it was being used to track if Javascript is enabled. But the "(new Image).src='...'" call is called from a dynamically loaded external JS file anyway, so that would be pointless.

Anyone have any ideas as to what the point could be?

UPDATE

"/generate_204" appears to be available on many google services/servers (e.g., maps.google.com/generate_204, maps.gstatic.com/generate_204, etc...).

You can take advantage of this by pre-fetching the generate_204 pages for each google-owned service your web app may use. Like This:

window.onload = function(){
    var two_o_fours = [
        // google maps domain ...
        "http://maps.google.com/generate_204",

        // google maps images domains ... 
        "http://mt0.google.com/generate_204",
        "http://mt1.google.com/generate_204",
        "http://mt2.google.com/generate_204",
        "http://mt3.google.com/generate_204",

        // you can add your own 204 page for your subdomains too!
        "http://sub.domain.com/generate_204"
    ];
    for(var i = 0, l = two_o_fours.length; i < l; ++i){
        (new Image).src = two_o_fours[i];
    }
};
+1  A: 

204 responses are sometimes used in AJAX to track clicks and page activity. In this case, the only information being passed to the server in the get request is a cookie and not specific information in request parameters, so this doesn't seem to be the case here.

It seems that clients1.google.com is the server behind google search suggestions. When you visit http://www.google.com, the cookie is passed to http://clients1.google.com/generate_204. Perhaps this is to start up some kind of session on the server? Whatever the use, I doubt it's a very standard use.

Snukker
By the way, try clicking "I'm feeling lucky" when the search box is empty. If you do this on new year's day, you may get a surprise
Snukker
+8  A: 

Like Snukker said, clients1.google.com is where the search suggestions come from. My guess is that they make a request to force clients1.google.com into your DNS cache before you need it, so you will have less latency on the first "real" request.

Google Chrome already does that for any links on a page, and (I think) when you type an address in the location bar. This seems like a way to get all browsers to do the same thing.

Matthew Crumley
Great answer! I'll probably end up marking this as correct if no-one comes by with an official answer soon. Now I've got to try to find a useful way of using it! THANKS!
David Murdoch
i don't think it makes any sense :)
mykhal
+1  A: 

I found this blog post which explains that it's used to record clicks. Without official word from Google it could be used any number of things.

http://mark.koli.ch/2009/03/howto-configure-apache-to-return-a-http-204-no-content-for-ajax.html

digitalsanctum
The google.com/csi URL returns 204, and seems to be used for tracking. But I don't think it has any connection to generate_204 (the URL the question asks about)
Matthew Flaschen
it maybe really is just a bug (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_bug)
mykhal
A: 

with the massive remit by google to stop both spam and the scraping of their search database, I believe that this is part of the effort to track bots etc.

some simple anti bot pseudo could go like this.

On GET (google.*) Save RemoteEndPoint
{
    If RemoteEndPoint GETs (clients1.google.com/generate_204) Then
        Set botAlert_stage1 = false;
    Else
        Set botAlert_stage1 = true;
    End If
}

I also believe that the latest google frontpage 'theme' is also a new tool to help with the anti spam/bot activity.

** NOTE ** ipv6.google.com also includes this measure.

Just my unfounded unproofed two 2p.

divinci
A: 

Well i have been looking at this for a few times and resulted that Google logs referer's where they come from first time visiting the google.com for ex; tracking with Google Chrome i have a 90% guess that its for Logging Referers, maybe User-Agent statistics well known when Google release its list of standards of browser usage:

  • Request URL:http://clients1.google.se/generate_204

  • Request Method:GET

  • Status Code:204 No Content

^Request Headers

  • Referer:http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/default.aspx
  • User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.375.38 Safari/533.4

^Response Headers

  • Content-Length:0
  • Content-Type:text/html
  • Date:Fri, 21 May 2010 17:06:24 GMT
  • Server:GFE/2.0

Here "Referer" under "^Request Headers" shows Googles statistics that many folks come from Microsoft.com, also parsing out the word "Windows 7" to help me focus on Windows 7 in my up-following searches that session

//Steven

Steven
did you forget to take your crazy pills today?
David Murdoch
A: 

The generate 204 might be dynamically loading the suggestions of search criteria. AS i can see from my load test script, this is seemingly responsible for every server call each time the user types into the text box

Kranthi