I believe this is specified by the meta tags of the page being linked to. For more information, check out http://wiki.developers.facebook.com/index.php/Facebook_Share/Specifying_Meta_Tags
Basically, when the user posts a link to an outside site, facebook fetches that page, and looks at certain meta tags to come up with a preview of the site, including some text and a small image, if these are specified by the linked site.
So, I think you should be able to just include your href tags in your meta description, and you should be all set. I haven't tried this with links, but that is definitely how you get the description and image to show up.