I have been looking for free for commercial use way to get information on police, fire, hospitals etc.. near an arbitrary location. (middle of a large city, or a desert). What are some good sources for this kind of information that I may have missed? free or not.
The company I work for is currently doing such a project. We did not find anything like that, so we went out ourselves to gather the data and we are currently building such a database (planned to be sold as a service).
What we did was contacting authorities for lists of these places, then partly send out field agents to verify that data until there is critical mass, but also involve phone agents to verify whatever is possible over the phone.
First of all, this sort of information is very regional. What part of the world are you wanting information on?
While I admit it's not an ideal solution, you may be able to harvest the information you need from Google Maps. For example, if you searched Google Maps for category:"Health & Medical - Hospitals" loc: 60652
, you would get a list of hospitals in the Chicago, Illinois, USA area. There is an API available for Google Maps in a number of different programming/scripting languages. If your application has web access, you may be able to use this to farm out the hard part to Google Maps. Then again, I don't know if there are any commercial restrictions to using Google's API, you'd want to get a lawyer-type person to read through their ToU.
If you are only needing information for a limited area, you may be better off contacting emergency service providers and getting information directly.