Javascript: Get access to local variable or variable in closure by its name

Question

Hi all.
We all know that you can access a property of a javascript object by it's name using the [] syntax.. e.g. ob['nameOfProperty'].

Can you do the same for a local variable? Another answer here suggested the answer is to use window['nameOfVar']. However, this only worked for the poster as he was defining variables at window-level scope.

I assume that this must be possible in general, as Firefox's Firebug (which I believe is written in javascript) can show local and closure variables. Is there some hidden language feature I'm not aware of?

Specifically, here's what I want to do:

<script>
 var i = 4;
 console.log(window['i']); // this works..

 function Func(){
var j = 99;

     // try to output the value of j from its name as a string
console.log(window['j']); // unsurprisingly, this doesn't work
 }


 Func();
</script>

Answer 1

Accessing the variable with window or any other global accessor won't work because the variable is not globally accessible. But you can use can use eval to evaluate any expression:

<script>
function test(){
   var j = 1; 
   alert(eval("j"));
}

test();
</script>

Answer 2

You can also have a look here and here.

Answer 3

No, because the variable is only accessible from within the execution contexts that contain the variable's scope.

Put another way, the only way you can access j is if you are accessing it from something in the scope of test -- via an inner function, or whatever. This is because j, in a sense, doesn't exist to objects with a wider scope, like the global object. If it were otherwise, then variable names would have to globally unique.

Answer 4

I'm not aware of anything built into JavaScript to reference local variables like that (though there probably should be considering all variables are internally referenced by strings).

I'd suggest keeping all your variables in an object if you really need to access by string:

var variables = {
    "j": 1
};
alert(variables["j"]);

Update: It kind of bugs me that there's no way to do this like you want. Internally the variable is a mutable binding in the declarative environment records. Properties are bound to the object they're a property of through the object's environment records, but there's actually a way to access them using brackets. Unfortunately, there's no way to access the declarative environment records the same way.

Answer 5

What about:

<script>
    function Func(){
        var fn = arguments.callee;
        fn.j = 99;
        console.log(fn['j']);
    }
    Func();
    console.log(window['j']); //not global
    console.log(Func['j']); //but not private
</script>

Answer 6

No, this isn't possible in general. JavaScript resolves identifiers inside a function using the scope chain; there's no single object that contains all the variables in scope, and the objects in the scope chain are inaccessible from JavaScript running in the page.