I don't validate a person's existance, but I do determine a person's full name using their login and SharePoint. You should be able to modify this code for your purposes, it is below. For it to function you need a data connection in your InfoPath document called GetUsersFromSP. Configured as follows:
string ADName = System.Environment.UserName;
IXMLDOMDocument3 UserQuery = (IXMLDOMDocument3)thisXDocument.GetDOM("GetUsersFromSP");
UserQuery.setProperty("SelectionNamespaces",
"xmlns:dfs=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/infopath/2003/dataFormSolution\" " +
"xmlns:tns=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/directory/\"");
((WebServiceAdapterObject)thisXDocument.DataAdapters["GetUsersFromSP"]).Query();
IXMLDOMNode Users = UserQuery.selectSingleNode("//dfs:myFields/dfs:dataFields/tns:GetUserCollectionFromSiteResponse/tns:GetUserCollectionFromSiteResult/tns:GetUserCollectionFromSite/tns:Users");
foreach (IXMLDOMNode current in Users.selectNodes("tns:User"))
{
string Login = current.attributes.getNamedItem("LoginName").text;
Login = Login.ToUpper();
if (Login.EndsWith(ADName.ToUpper()))
{
thisXDocument.DOM.selectSingleNode("my:root/my:config/my:User").text = current.attributes.getNamedItem("Name").text;
break;
}
}