Is there any article/paper on what features the Python language has to offer? Why should one go with Python instead of any other language? What are the strong and the weak points of Python?
Probably the prime reason I use Python is because it's very good at self-documenting. There are lots of other reasons too, but probably the best way to find out is to do something with it. Find a project and see what it takes to do it in Python. It may not be great Python code, but you'll learn more about how it suits you than from an essay. I know the first time I looked at Python, I didn't give it much chance (just looked like Matlab as far as I was concerned), but after using it for a couple of years, I have to say I have no regrets.
Why Python? Because all the cool kids are doing it.
Disclaimer: I just noticed "popularity-contest" running on my machine so I investigated. Although quite useful for QA and planning, one can't actually derive any meaning from that graph which could at least as well be explained by the rise of Ubuntu installations and their Python based administrative tools. This link is for amusement purposes only, void in Idaho and Nebraska.