Way Better Solution That Meets All Requirements
OK, scrap my previous solution (I'll leave it below, just for reference). Here's a much better approach that occurred to me after making my initial post.
Write a new class that implements IEnumerator<T> and provides a few additional properties: IsValid and Previous. This is all you really need to resolve the whole mess with having to maintain state inside an iterator block using yield.
Here's how I did it (pretty trivial, as you can see):
internal class ChipmunkEnumerator<T> : IEnumerator<T> {
private readonly IEnumerator<T> _internal;
private T _previous;
private bool _isValid;
public ChipmunkEnumerator(IEnumerator<T> e) {
_internal = e;
_isValid = false;
}
public bool IsValid {
get { return _isValid; }
}
public T Previous {
get { return _previous; }
}
public T Current {
get { return _internal.Current; }
}
public bool MoveNext() {
if (_isValid)
_previous = _internal.Current;
return (_isValid = _internal.MoveNext());
}
public void Dispose() {
_internal.Dispose();
}
#region Explicit Interface Members
object System.Collections.IEnumerator.Current {
get { return Current; }
}
void System.Collections.IEnumerator.Reset() {
_internal.Reset();
_previous = default(T);
_isValid = false;
}
#endregion
}
(I called this a ChipmunkEnumerator because maintaining the previous value reminded me of how chipmunks have pouches in their cheeks where they keep nuts. Does it really matter? Stop making fun of me.)
Now, utilizing this class in an extension method to provide exactly the behavior you want isn't so tough!
Notice that below I've defined GroupConsecutive to actually return an IEnumerable<IGrouping<TKey, T>> for the simple reason that, if these are grouped by key anyway, it makes sense to return an IGrouping<TKey, T> rather than just an IEnumerable<T>. As it turns out, this will help us out later anyway...
public static IEnumerable<IGrouping<TKey, T>> GroupConsecutive<T, TKey>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, TKey> keySelector)
where TKey : IEquatable<TKey> {
using (var e = new ChipmunkEnumerator<T>(source.GetEnumerator())) {
if (!e.MoveNext())
yield break;
while (e.IsValid) {
yield return e.GetNextDuplicateGroup(keySelector);
}
}
}
public static IEnumerable<IGrouping<T, T>> GroupConsecutive<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source)
where T : IEquatable<T> {
return source.GroupConsecutive(x => x);
}
private static IGrouping<TKey, T> GetNextDuplicateGroup<T, TKey>(this ChipmunkEnumerator<T> e, Func<T, TKey> keySelector)
where TKey : IEquatable<TKey> {
return new Grouping<TKey, T>(keySelector(e.Current), e.EnumerateNextDuplicateGroup(keySelector));
}
private static IEnumerable<T> EnumerateNextDuplicateGroup<T, TKey>(this ChipmunkEnumerator<T> e, Func<T, TKey> keySelector)
where TKey : IEquatable<TKey> {
do {
yield return e.Current;
} while (e.MoveNext() && keySelector(e.Previous).Equals(keySelector(e.Current)));
}
(To implement these methods, I wrote a simple Grouping<TKey, T> class that implements IGrouping<TKey, T> in the most straightforward way possible. I've omitted the code just so as to keep moving along...)
OK, check it out. I think the code example below pretty well captures something resembling the more realistic scenario you described in your updated question.
var entries = new List<KeyValuePair<string, int>> {
new KeyValuePair<string, int>( "Dan", 10 ),
new KeyValuePair<string, int>( "Bill", 12 ),
new KeyValuePair<string, int>( "Dan", 14 ),
new KeyValuePair<string, int>( "Dan", 20 ),
new KeyValuePair<string, int>( "John", 1 ),
new KeyValuePair<string, int>( "John", 2 ),
new KeyValuePair<string, int>( "Bill", 5 )
};
var dupeGroups = entries
.GroupConsecutive(entry => entry.Key);
foreach (var dupeGroup in dupeGroups) {
Console.WriteLine(
"Key: {0} Sum: {1}",
dupeGroup.Key.PadRight(5),
dupeGroup.Select(entry => entry.Value).Sum()
);
}
Output:
Key: Dan Sum: 10
Key: Bill Sum: 12
Key: Dan Sum: 34
Key: John Sum: 3
Key: Bill Sum: 5
Notice this also fixes the problem with my original answer of dealing with IEnumerator<T> objects that were value types. (With this approach, it doesn't matter.)
There's still going to be a problem if you try calling ToList here, as you will find out if you try it. But considering you included deferred execution as a requirement, I doubt you would be doing that anyway. For a foreach, it works.
Original, Messy, and Somewhat Stupid Solution
Something tells me I'm going to get totally refuted for saying this, but...
Yes, it is possible (I think). See below for a damn messy solution I threw together. (Catches an exception to know when it's finished, so you know it's a great design!)
Now, Jon's point about there being a very real problem in the event that you try to do, for instance, ToList, and then access the values in the resulting list by index, is totally valid. But if your only intention here is to be able to loop over an IEnumerable<T> using a foreach -- and you're only doing this in your own code -- then, well, I think this could work for you.
Anyway, here's a quick example of how it works:
var ints = new int[] { 1, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 2, 3, 1, 6, 6, 6, 5, 7, 7, 8 };
var dupeGroups = ints.GroupConsecutiveDuplicates(EqualityComparer<int>.Default);
foreach (var dupeGroup in dupeGroups) {
Console.WriteLine(
"New dupe group: " +
string.Join(", ", dupeGroup.Select(i => i.ToString()).ToArray())
);
}
Output:
New dupe group: 1
New dupe group: 3, 3
New dupe group: 4, 4, 4
New dupe group: 5
New dupe group: 2
New dupe group: 3
New dupe group: 1
New dupe group: 6, 6, 6
New dupe group: 5
New dupe group: 7, 7
New dupe group: 8
And now for the (messy as crap) code:
Note that since this approach requires passing the actual enumerator around between a few different methods, it will not work if that enumerator is a value type, as calls to MoveNext in one method are only affecting a local copy.
public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> GroupConsecutiveDuplicates<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, IEqualityComparer<T> comparer) {
using (var e = source.GetEnumerator()) {
if (e.GetType().IsValueType)
throw new ArgumentException(
"This method will not work on a value type enumerator."
);
// get the ball rolling
if (!e.MoveNext()) {
yield break;
}
IEnumerable<T> nextDuplicateGroup;
while (e.FindMoreDuplicates(comparer, out nextDuplicateGroup)) {
yield return nextDuplicateGroup;
}
}
}
private static bool FindMoreDuplicates<T>(this IEnumerator<T> enumerator, IEqualityComparer<T> comparer, out IEnumerable<T> duplicates) {
duplicates = enumerator.GetMoreDuplicates(comparer);
return duplicates != null;
}
private static IEnumerable<T> GetMoreDuplicates<T>(this IEnumerator<T> enumerator, IEqualityComparer<T> comparer) {
try {
if (enumerator.Current != null)
return enumerator.GetMoreDuplicatesInner(comparer);
else
return null;
} catch (InvalidOperationException) {
return null;
}
}
private static IEnumerable<T> GetMoreDuplicatesInner<T>(this IEnumerator<T> enumerator, IEqualityComparer<T> comparer) {
while (enumerator.Current != null) {
var current = enumerator.Current;
yield return current;
if (!enumerator.MoveNext())
break;
if (!comparer.Equals(current, enumerator.Current))
break;
}
}