Your question doesn't make a lot of sense without reference to some specific language, but I'll try my best to answer with respect to the Untyped Lambda calculus.
The existence of a call-by-value fixed point combinator (i.e. "Y combinator") for the untyped lambda calculus seems to refute the basic claim (see: Fixed Point Combinator). The existence of such a combinator breaks strong normalization, which suggests that there is at least one language that is turing complete that uses a call-by-value evaluation strategy.
Much more likely to affect the turing-completeness of a language is the existence (or lack of) a type system. For example, the simply-typed lambda calculus cannot encode a fixed point combinator, and is strongly normalising (i.e. all well-typed terms reduce to a value), however, this is true irrespective of the evaluation strategy employed. Rather, it is a consequence of the type system.