Images and links not showing up in feeds published using Feedburner?

Question

The images and links added to the description of my RSS feeds are not showing up in the feeds I'm publishing through Feedburner, but if I subscribe to the raw feed(example.com/feeds.xml) the image and links are published appropriately in the feeds. I don't see any problem in the format of my feeds. Does feedburner need a special format? Any suggestion or help will be appreciated...Thanks

<item>  
    <title>No cooperative campaign in Call of Duty: Black Ops</title> 
    <link>http://www.example.com/updates/id/451/article/no-cooperative-campaign-in-call-of-duty-black-ops/&lt;/link&gt; 
    <description><img src="http://www.example.com/images/updates/1275612836black.jpg" align="left" style="margin:0 8px 8px 8px; border:2px solid #000" />Mark Lamia, studio head of Treyarch, revealed in an interview with MTV that there will be no coop in the campaign mode of their upcoming game, Call of Duty: Black Ops, due out Nov. 09, but promised  that the coop modes will be a unique experience different from what people have experienced in the past. He also revealed that it will be different from the Spec Ops mode as seen in Infinity Ward's Modern Warfare 2.<br /><a href="http://www.example.com/updates/id/451/article/no-cooperative-campaign-in-call-of-duty-black-ops/"&gt;Read Full Story</a></description> 
    <pubDate>Thu, 03 Jun 2010 19:53:56 -0500</pubDate> 
    <language>en-us</language>  
    <copyright>Copyright (C) 2010 example.com</copyright>  
</item>