Unless you've set things up beforehand (via triggers, running Profiler traces, or the like) no, there is no simple native way to "pull out" commands that have been run against a SQL Server database.
@David's idea of querying the procedure cache is one possibility, but would only work if the execution plan(s) are still in memory.
There are third-party transaction log readers available. They could be used to read the contents of the transaction log, but again that only helps if the data/commands are still in there, and after "X days" that seems unlikely.
Another work-around would depend on backups.
- Restore a copmlete backup from before your problem time, and compare and contrast with the current version. This would show if data has been deleted, but not how.
- If you are in Full backup mode and you have transaction log backups, you can perform various types of incremental restores and actually observer the deletions happening (if they are), but this would probably require a lot of point-in-time recoveries and would be very time intensive.