What concrete type does 'yield return' return?

Question

What is the concrete type for this IEnumerable<string>?

private IEnumerable<string> GetIEnumerable()
{
    yield return "a";
    yield return "a";
    yield return "a";
}

Answer 1

It's a compiler-generated type. The compiler generates an IEnumerator<string> implementation that returns three "a" values and an IEnumerable<string> skeleton class that provides one of these in its GetEnumerator method.

The generated code looks something like this*:

// No idea what the naming convention for the generated class is --
// this is really just a shot in the dark.
class GetIEnumerable_Enumerator : IEnumerator<string>
{
    int _state;
    string _current;

    public bool MoveNext()
    {
        switch (_state++)
        {
            case 0:
                _current = "a";
                break;
            case 1:
                _current = "a";
                break;
            case 2:
                _current = "a";
                break;
            default:
                return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    public string Current
    {
        get { return _current; }
    }

    object IEnumerator.Current
    {
        get { return Current; }
    }

    void IEnumerator.Reset()
    {
        // not sure about this one -- never really tried it...
        // I'll just guess
        _state = 0;
        _current = null;
    }
}

class GetIEnumerable_Enumerable : IEnumerable<string>
{
    public IEnumerator<string> GetEnumerator()
    {
        return new GetIEnumerable_Enumerator();
    }

    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
    {
        return GetEnumerator();
    }
}

Or maybe, as SLaks says in his answer, the two implementations end up in the same class. I wrote this based on my choppy memory of generated code I'd looked at before; really, one class would suffice, as there's no reason the above functionality requires two.

In fact, come to think of it, the two implementations really should fall within a single class, as I just remembered the functions that use yield statements must have a return type of either IEnumerable<T> or IEnumerator<T>.

Anyway, I'll let you perform the code corrections to what I posted mentally.

_{*This is purely for illustration purposes; I make no claim as to its real accuracy. It's only to demonstrate in a general way how the compiler does what it does, based on the evidence I've seen in my own investigations.}

Answer 2

The compiler will automatically generate a class that implements both IEnumerable<T> and IEnumerator<T> (in the same class).

Jon Skeet has a detailed explanation.

Answer 3

The concrete implementation of IEnumerable<string> returned by the method is an anonymous type generated by the compiler

Console.WriteLine(GetIEnumerable().GetType());

Prints :

YourClass+<GetIEnumerable>d__0