The question is a bit broad, meaning it's hard to give a good example with a code sample unless you're a bit more specific about what you have already figured out, and what you need help with. Based on that, I'm guessing you're not sure where to start.
Two possibilities:
Simple: Have the ASPX page and the server both point to the same database. In order for the aspx page to send data to the service, the ASPX page should update the database; the service should read from it. Just set the service up to poll periodically. You can also store you r dates in the DB and have the ASPX page update the dates.
More advanced: Use WCF (Windows Communication Foundation) to allow the service to listen for requests from the ASPX page. (Google WECF for example code).
You can pass DataSets as parameters into functions, even using WCF.