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answers:

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I've been writing some tools to interact with a USB Flash Drive (removable drive) for our portable application. We are going to be tying some relevant information directly to the flash drive via the serial number (device serial number, not the volume serial number which is formatting based)

I am able to read the device serial number. What is required to write/modify that device serial number?

I am open to seeing this in any language really (Perl, Ruby, Python, C/C++, .NET anything, etc) but C# is the current code base so what would be first preference.

If a code snippet or script can't be found, some canned application or tool (binary, etc) or similar would be helpful as well.

A: 

I think the serial number you are refering to is hardware coded to the flash drive (ie. in its ROM). So there is no way you can (easily) change that serial number. Even if the serial was printed in reprogrammable ROM (I forgot the name EPROM or EEPROM), but then you still need a EPROM writer to do that, not only bunch of codes.

DonnVall
Thanks for your reply. However, I have to think this must be possible since the OEM for the drives did produce a piece of software written by Alcor that is supposed to do just this, however we just couldn't get it working correctly and wanted to write our own tool - especially since all the instructions were in Chinese :-)
Streamline
I managed to find a link that points to several other Alcor products / versions and one thought is to go back and try all of them until one works. http://sosfakeflash.wordpress.com/2008/11/01/where-to-download-alcor-tools-to-fix-fake-usb-flash-drives/ ... still, I'd rather either find someone who knows one that works or write the tool ourselves.
Streamline
I visited the site, so this is about those "fake" ush flashdrives? Note that I have no direct experience with them, but the fact that they are "fakes" indicates they are not meeting the standard quality. I suspect they actually are meant to be destroyed by the manufactures but "stolen", internal chips got modified, and sold for non-suspecting customers. OR they are simply haven't been "finalized" yet (as in their ROM be closed from further writing).
DonnVall
Anyway, Windows api DeviceIoControl api is the one you should use to "talk" to the flash drives. However you still need very specific information for effective communication with the device.
DonnVall