I have tried to pass in the proc name into procedureNamePattern and the procedure seems to return all the metadata for all the procedures. I pass in a empty string and I get the same results.
The following is the code used:
using (AdsCommand command = new AdsCommand { CommandText = "sp_getProcedureColumns", 
                                             Connection = connection, 
                                             CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure })
{
   AdsParameter param = new AdsParameter("@procedureNamePattern", DbType.String) { 
     Direction = ParameterDirection.Input, Value = originalProcedureName };
   command.Parameters.Add(param);
   AdsParameter param0 = new AdsParameter("@catalog", DbType.String) { 
       Direction = ParameterDirection.Input, Value = null };
   command.Parameters.Add(param0);
   AdsParameter param1 = new AdsParameter("@schemaPattern", DbType.String) { 
       Direction = ParameterDirection.Input, Value = null };
   command.Parameters.Add(param1);
   AdsParameter param2 = new AdsParameter("@columnNamePattern", DbType.String) { 
       Direction = ParameterDirection.Input, Value = null };
   command.Parameters.Add(param2);