Tried to create a ClickOnce install. Inside internal network.
It runs once after Setup (automatically). Then when run from menu item it does not run. Closer examination in Task manager reveals its in there as a "process" (not application), but not visible. If you update ("publish") the app again it will run once from the menu shortcut, but not again (displaying the same behavior) in task manager.
Something to do with security most likely. Its in there as a trusted app, no certs. Not sure how to debug this one.