What I consider beautiful is conceptual minimalism or more precisely an orthogonal set of few general language primitives ...
as opposed to many less powerful features needed to describe almost the same thing, while permanently having to consider special cases.
Haskell for example is basically just some syntax around three primitives with an incredibly small type system (just values, generics, constructors, typeclasses) that covers everything in such a powerful way that maybe no other common language can achieve.
The notion of a again value covers everything - data, functions, objects (as a collection of values), ...
Classic VB on the other side has even more than five ways of looping built-in. There is made a difference between values and functions, plain data and objects, ... And the whole almost without any possibility of writing generic code.