If you cannot find your custom function in output of function without arguments, then it is probably an anonymous function declared like that:
let g:dict={}
function g:dict.f()
echo "here"
endfunction
In this case the only way to get its definition is to use function g:dict.f (prepend verbose as @skeept suggested to know where it is defined). Note that you cannot use tab completion here and you cannot get a list of all anonymous functions.
Instead of g:dict.f in function g:dict.f you can use function {N}, where N is any expression that returns anonymous function number, for example function {substitute(string(g:dict.f), '^.*\(\d\+\).*$', '\1', '')}. Or just function {242} if all you get is a error like that: Error detected while processing function 243..242: and want to see the definition of function 242.