You can use the GTK2_RC_FILES
environment variable to assign a special theme to (only) your application.
For example, you can create a batch starter (Windows) like so:
set GTK2_RC_FILES=%GTK_HOME%\share\themes\slickness-black\gtk-2.0\gtkrc
launch.exe
Or in Linux (haven't tried that one):
env GTK2_RC_FILES=/usr/share/themes/slickness-black/gtk-2.0/gtkrc ./launch
Hint: Don't trust in GTK_HOME to be set, rather use the absolute path of the GTK+ installation. If you install a special theme with your application, it might be possible to use a relative path (relative to the installation path of your app). Then you should make sure that the theme is supported by one of the most common theme engines because usually not all of them are installed (especially on Windows, where GTK installers are a mess).