Do the keys of javascript associative arrays need to be strings, or can they be any object?

Question

that's it, that's my question. thanks! -Morgan

Answer 1

Are you talking about Javascript objects (JSON)?

The specification says that the keys should be strings http://json.org/ .

But the Javascript interpreter allows both {"key": "val"} and {key: "val"}

Answer 2

My original answer was incorrect in some significant regards. Please use Christoph's answer instead.

Answer 3

There are no native associative arrays in JavaScript, only objects. Objects have properties. The names of properties are always strings: even the numeric indices of arrays will be converted to strings before the 'array magic' happens.

If you're looking for associative arrays with arbitrary keys, look here.

Answer 4

I've implemented javascript HashMap which code can be obtained from http://github.com/lambder/HashMapJS/tree/master

The keys and values can be arbitrary javascript objects. There is no requirements on objects used as keys or values.

The mechanism is trivial. For every key there is generated unique id (per HashMap instance). That id is injected to the key object under high unlikely to collide field name ;)

That id is then used to keying in the underlying baking standard javascript association object.

Here is the code:

/*
 =====================================================================
 @license MIT
 @author Daniel Kwiecinski <[email protected]>
 @copyright 2009 Daniel Kwiecinski.
 @end
 =====================================================================
 */
var HashMap = function() {
  this.initialize();
}

HashMap.prototype = {
  hashkey_prefix: "<#HashMapHashkeyPerfix>",
  hashcode_field: "<#HashMapHashkeyPerfix>",

  initialize: function() {
    this.backing_hash = {};
    this.code = 0;
  },
  /*
   maps value to key returning previous assocciation
   */
  put: function(key, value) {
    var prev;
    if (key && value) {
      var hashCode = key[this.hashcode_field];
      if (hashCode) {
        prev = this.backing_hash[hashCode];
      } else {
        this.code += 1;
        hashCode = this.hashkey_prefix + this.code;
        key[this.hashcode_field] = hashCode;
      }
      this.backing_hash[hashCode] = value;
    }
    return prev;
  },
  /*
   returns value associated with given key
   */
  get: function(key) {
    var value;
    if (key) {
      var hashCode = key[this.hashcode_field];
      if (hashCode) {
        value = this.backing_hash[hashCode];
      }
    }
    return value;
  },
  /*
   deletes association by given key.
   Returns true if the assocciation existed, false otherwise
   */
  del: function(key) {
    var success = false;
    if (key) {
      var hashCode = key[this.hashcode_field];
      if (hashCode) {
        var prev = this.backing_hash[hashCode];
        this.backing_hash[hashCode] = undefined;
        if(prev !== undefined)
          success = true;
      }
    }
    return success;
  }
}

//// Usage

// creation

var my_map = new HashMap();

// insertion

var a_key = {};
var a_value = {struct: "structA"};
var b_key = {};
var b_value = {struct: "structB"};
var c_key = {};
var c_value = {struct: "structC"};

my_map.put(a_key, a_value);
my_map.put(b_key, b_value);
var prev_b = my_map.put(b_key, c_value);

// retrieval

if(my_map.get(a_key) !== a_value){
  throw("fail1")
}
if(my_map.get(b_key) !== c_value){
  throw("fail2")
}
if(prev_b !== b_value){
  throw("fail3")
}

// deletion

var a_existed = my_map.del(a_key);
var c_existed = my_map.del(c_key);
var a2_existed = my_map.del(a_key);

if(a_existed !== true){
  throw("fail4")
}
if(c_existed !== false){
  throw("fail5")
}
if(a2_existed !== false){
  throw("fail6")
}

Bon Appétit, Daniel Kwiecinski