I'm specifically interested in tools that can be plugged into Vim to allow CScope-style source browsing (1-2 keystroke commands to locate function definitions, callers, global symbols and so on) for languages besides C/C++ such as Java and C# (since Vim and Cscope already integrate very well for browsing C/C++). I'm not interested in IDE-based tools since I know Microsoft and other vendors already address that space -- I prefer to use Vim for editing and browsing, but but don't know of tools for C# and/or Java that give me the same power as CScope.
The original answer to this question included a pointer to the CSWrapper application which apparently fixes a bug that some users experience integrating Vim and CScope. However, my Vim/CScope installation works fine; I'm just trying to expand the functionality to allow using Vim to edit code in other languages.