The command you've got there won't work mid-page, you need to use the changepage package to do that.
\usepackage{changepage}
I take it you're trying to take up the full width of the page. I nicked this from the tufte-latex class:
First, define an 'overhang' amount that'll be added to the textwidth at the beginning and subtracted at the end:
\newlength{\overhang}
\setlength{\overhang}{\marginparwidth}
\addtolength{\overhang}{\marginparsep}
Then use \adjustwidth with the overhang amount when you want to remove marginpar space:
\begin{adjustwidth}{}{-\overhang}
% This will be displayed full-width
\end{adjustwidth}{}{-\overhang}
As Damien pointed out, you can still use marginpars like this, they'll just exceed the pagewidth. \multicols will prevent you from using floats, however.
Hope that's what you need!