box2d collision groups

Question

does anyone know whether bodies only collide when (body1.categoryBits & body2.maskBits) && (body1.maskBits & body2.categoryBits) ? or do they already collide when (body1.categoryBits & body2.maskBits) || (body1.maskBits & body2.categoryBits) ?

Answer 1

From the Box2D manual:

6.2.3. Filtering

Collision filtering is a system for preventing collision between shapes. For example, say you make a character that rides a bicycle. You want the bicycle to collide with the terrain and the character to collide with the terrain, but you don't want the character to collide with the bicycle (because they must overlap). Box2D supports such collision filtering using categories and groups.

Box2D supports 16 collision categories. For each shape you can specify which category it belongs to. You also specify what other categories this shape can collide with. For example, you could specify in a multiplayer game that all players don't collide with each other and monsters don't collide with each other, but players and monsters should collide. This is done with masking bits. For example:

playerShapeDef.filter.categoryBits = 0x0002;
monsterShapeDef.filter.categoryBits = 0x0004;
playerShape.filter.maskBits = 0x0004;
monsterShapeDef.filter.maskBits = 0x0002;

Collision groups let you specify an integral group index. You can have all shapes with the same group index always collide (positive index) or never collide (negative index). Group indices are usually used for things that are somehow related, like the parts of a bicycle. In the following example, shape1 and shape2 always collide, but shape3 and shape4 never collide.

shape1Def.filter.groupIndex = 2;
shape2Def.filter.groupIndex = 2;
shape3Def.filter.groupIndex = -8;
shape4Def.filter.groupIndex = -8;

Collisions between shapes of different group indices are filtered according the category and mask bits. In other words, group filtering has higher precendence than category filtering.