I'm looking to write a pair of utilities that read in a newline separated list of integers on stdin and output their binary (4 byte) equivalent to stdout, and vice versa.
My first thought was a simple bash/linux command that would do this, but I was unable to find one. My second thought was to do this in C++, but I can't figure out how to change stdin or stdout to a binary stream.
Any thoughts on a good way to do this? I'm impartial to any particular programming language.
You don't need to "change stdout to binary", just output binary to it. This will certainly confuse e.g. a terminal emulator connected to that stream, but that is to be expected.
A plain loop of fscanf() to read each integer, followed by a fwrite() to write it out should work. Beware of endianness issues though, you might want to output each byte separately.
In Perl, you could just try:
perl -ne 'chomp; print pack 'i', $_;'
That will give you a host native signed integer of at least 32 bits, but possibly more depending on your local C compiler.
Other options to pack can go in place of the 'i', such as 'l' which will give you a signed long, which should be 32-bits. And there yet more options for little-endian or big-endian.
For the full description, please see http://perldoc.perl.org/functions/pack.html.
And here's your solution in C, in case you want to do it the boring way. :)
#include <stdio.h>
int main () {
int x;
while (fscanf(stdin, "%i", &x)) {
fwrite(&x, sizeof(x), 1, stdout);
}
return 0;
}
On Unix and its derivatives, there is no need to be concerned about whether the stdin or stdout are 'binary' mode - binary and text modes are the same. I've not conducted extensive testing on Windows, but under Cygwin, I've not noticed any issues there, either.