With all browser compatible JS libraries (like JQuery, MooTools), asynchronous data transfer and web services, does asp.net has any future? A very good web application can be designed with loads of web services and JS library based UI. Why one should use heavy ASP.Net? I don't see ASP.Net having any place in future enterprise software development.
SEO, if you need content indexed you need to generate the markup on the server side.
What technology do you suppose will power the web services that your asynchronous javascript will call?
Well.. The web services have to be written in something. ASP.Net is a server side technology and does integrate quite nicely with any client side technology, including jQuery.
Basically, the UI is only one aspect of an enterprise development project. The UI has to communicate with something and that something is .Net, Java, or any other server side platform.
Anything done in Javascript can be disabled by any user. Frameworks that allow server side processing are always going to have a place in enterprise software development, whether it's ASP.NET or others such as Java, Ruby, Python, etc...
Javascript and their libraries (jQuery, etc) allow for richer client interface development but they are only a subset of the tools used in development, not the entire solution.