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I am trying to do inverse kinematics for a serial chain of arbitrarily many links.

In the following paper, I have found an example for how to calculate the Jacobian matrix.

Entry (i, j) = v[j] * (s[i] - p[j])

where:

v[j] is the unit vector of the axis of rotation for joint j

s[i] is the position (int world coords?) of joint i

p[j] is the position (in world coords?) of joint j

The paper says that this works if j is a rotational joint with a single degree of freedom. But my rotational joints have no constraints on their rotation. What formula do I then want? (Or am I possibly misunderstanding the term "degree of freedom"?)