Does anyone know where I can find a system architecture for a site that streams music for thousands of concurrent users and can also scale. Also I would prefer to use open source system components.
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4This is not open source, but it does scale to thousands of concurrent users. And I believe that there is not a licence cost beyond that of the operating system.
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/forpros/serve/prodinfo2008.aspx
Depending on your time frame (since it is in beta) you could use Silverlight streaming, this is free, no hardware costs.
I'd recommend gstreamer. It has a plugin based architecture that allows you to only load what you need but it can adapt easily to future changes. You can even do transcoding and filtering with it however for thousands of simultaneous streams I'd avoid adding extra processing.
I found the book Building Scalable Web Sites: Building, scaling, and optimizing the next generation of web applications by Cal Henderson, the architect of Flickr, to be a good overview issues involved with scaling a site.