Are you saving your files before do the comparison? It happened with me some time ago and keep saying there are no changes between the files, but after some time I realize I wasn't saving the files before and it was comparing with the version in disk, not the version in memory.
Every time you open some solution in Visual Studio, it performs some operations which may cause your .sln or project files change and then it will ask you to check out the file. It happens when there are changes in the folder structure in the developers machine, or when they don't have the same versions of all the files. Maybe someone added a project in some folder and another developer has the same project in another place.
Another case I see this happen was when we have an solution with some c++ projects, for some reason, one of this c++ projects had a .res file with absolutes paths. Once this file was generated automatically by VS it kept change from developer machine to developer machine.
I would suggest you to open your .sln file and look for some absolute paths or by relative paths which may not exist in some developer machine, depending what files they Get from yours Source Control.