There are different ways of calling functions: call stacks, continuation passing, messaging and event handling. What do you call the category of these features? Invocation? What do you call architectures categorized by these features? Invocation architecture?
Sub question: Other than the four given, what are some examples of this type of feature?
"Ways of calling functions" seems appropriate to me. Why go out of your way to make things more difficult than they already are?
If you're writing a paper that is using this phrase very frequently, you might save a few words by defining what you mean by "Invocation Architecture" at the top. I'm not aware of any term used for this.
What you're asking for sort of generalizes the idea of calling conventions, so you might be able to get away with using that in an expanded sense.
"Function calling style" and "calling style" may also work.