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I know of "imperative" and "functional" programming but there was little I could find on "datatype" programming. Is there such a thing and how is it related to the other paradigms?

+1  A: 

I have never heard of that term. Google hasn't, either. (The only hit is this very question.)

The closest thing I can think of, is Typeful Programming, which is a programming paradigm introduced by Luca Cardelli in a 1989 paper by the same title.

The idea of typeful programming is that you use types extensively and primarily to model your domain, drive your design, structure your program and in general solve your problem, the same way you use objects in object-oriented programming, procedures in procedural programming, functions in functional programming, clauses in logic programming, processes in Erlang, and so on. This is a typical style in Haskell.

[EDIT: I hadn't seen your comments on the question, when I wrote this answer. I guess this second one is what you are looking for.]

Another term that I stumbled upon while doing the above-mentioned Google search, is the term datatype-generic programming. This is a research project that ran from 2003 to 2006 that aims to create a new mechanism for writing programs that parametrize over types much further as is possible today with, say, parametric polymorphism in Haskell or templates in C++.

Jörg W Mittag
Ok, so I wasn't imagining things. I was curious if there were any real programming language based on it but from your answer I guess it is more of a research kind of thing.
davidk01