What programming Languages can i use to make apps for the Android Mobile OS? I know its Objective C for the iphone but not sure sure about Android i think its java?
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5Yes, it is Java, but runs on Dalvik virtual machine.
And you can still use C with Android NDK to build Native apps if you like.
You have to program with Java. The Java code will then be compiled into a special format, that runs on the Dalvik VM that is installed on all Android Devices. This means that at the moment you can only use Java and no other language that runs on a Java Virtual Machine.
If you are not familiar with Java there is always the possibility to build a web app and only display this website in a small Java App to the users. There are some possibilities to access some functions of the phone from your web app via JavaScript.
You need Windows, Mac or Linux.
You can start from here: http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
Install the SDK and and IDE(I use eclipse) and then start with the following tutorial. In about 2 hours you can have your first Android application(of course if you know java):
http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-world.html
Google Released "SIMPLE" Android Programming Language more at http://code.google.com/p/simple/