post_save signal on m2m field

Question

I have a pretty generic Article model, with m2m relation to Tag model. I want to keep count of each tag usage, i think the best way would be to denormalise count field on Tag model and update it each time Article being saved. How can i accomplish this, or maybe there's a better way?

Answer 1

You can do this by creating an intermediate model for the M2M relationship and use it as your hook for the post_save and post_delete signals to update the denormalised column in the Article table.

For example, I do this for favourited Question counts in soclone, where Users have a M2M relationship with Questions:

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import connection, models, transaction
from django.db.models.signals import post_delete, post_save

class Question(models.Model):
    # ...
    favourite_count = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)

class FavouriteQuestion(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question)
    user     = models.ForeignKey(User)

def update_question_favourite_count(instance, **kwargs):
    """
    Updates the favourite count for the Question related to the given
    FavouriteQuestion.
    """
    if kwargs.get('raw', False):
        return
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    cursor.execute(
        'UPDATE soclone_question SET favourite_count = ('
            'SELECT COUNT(*) from soclone_favouritequestion '
            'WHERE soclone_favouritequestion.question_id = soclone_question.id'
        ') '
        'WHERE id = %s', [instance.question_id])
    transaction.commit_unless_managed()

post_save.connect(update_question_favourite_count, sender=FavouriteQuestion)
post_delete.connect(update_question_favourite_count, sender=FavouriteQuestion)

# Very, very naughty
User.add_to_class('favourite_questions',
                  models.ManyToManyField(Question, through=FavouriteQuestion,
                                         related_name='favourited_by'))

There's been a bit of discussion on the django-developers mailing list about implementing a means of declaratively declaring denormalisations to avoid having to write code like the above:

• Denormalisation, magic, and is it really that useful?
• Denormalisation Magic, Round Two

Answer 2

This is a new feature in Django 1.2: http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/signals/#m2m-changed