We've struggled with this as well, and I agree with Charles M that there is no built-in way to do this.
If you're looking for an outside solution, the ExpressLayout control from Developer Express allows you to fine-tune the positioning of controls on Delphi forms. They advertise "Screen Resolution Independence - Automatically Resizable Interfaces - Look & Feel Standardization...", so it might be worth looking into.
I've never used that particular control, but we use a lot of other Developer Express controls in our commercial projects. The controls and support are excellent.
See: http://www.devexpress.com/Products/VCL/ExLayoutControl/
They don't have a trial version, but do have a 60-day no-questions-asked money-back guarantee.